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USS ''Oglala'' (ID-1255/CM-4/ARG-1) was a minelayer in the United States Navy. Commissioned as ''Massachusetts'', she was renamed ''Shawmut'' a month later, and in 1928 was renamed for the Oglala, a sub-tribe of the Lakota, residing in the Black Hills of South Dakota. She was originally built as Eastern Steamship Company's SS ''Massachusetts'' by William Cramp and Sons of Philadelphia in 1907 for overnight coastal passenger steamer service through the Cape Cod Canal and Long Island Sound between Boston and New York City.〔Beals, Victor "Comment and Discussion" ''United States Naval Institute Proceedings'' September 1973 p.88〕 After the United States entered World War I ''Massachusetts'' and her sister ship ''Bunker Hill'' were among the eight civilian steamships purchased to lay the North Sea Mine Barrage. ==World War I== The Navy converted the two passenger steamships at the Boston Navy Yard with decks to improve seaworthiness as mine planters. The ship was commissioned as ''Massachusetts'' (ID-1255), on 7 December 1917, and renamed ''Shawmut'' on 7 January 1918. She steamed to Britain in June 1918 and spent the rest of World War I helping lay the anti-submarine mine barrage across the North Sea by: * planting 300 mines during the 3rd minelaying excursion on 14 July, * planting 320 mines during the 4th minelaying excursion on 29 July, * planting 150 mines during the 5th minelaying excursion on 8 August, * planting 320 mines during the 7th minelaying excursion on 26 August, * planting 290 mines on 30 August to complete the 7th minefield after USS was unable to lay its mines, * planting 270 mines during the 8th minelaying excursion on 7 September, * planting 320 mines during the 9th minelaying excursion on 20 September, * planting 330 mines during the 10th minelaying excursion on 27 September, * planting 330 mines during the 11th minelaying excursion on 4 October, and * planting 340 mines during the final 13th minelaying excursion on 24 October.〔Belknap, Reginald Rowan ''The Yankee mining squadron; or, Laying the North Sea mining barrage'' (1920) United States Naval Institute p.110〕 ''Shawmut'' laid a total of 2,970 anchored mines while under command of Captain Wat Tyler Cluverius, Jr., USN.〔 Captain Cluverius had been a midshipman aboard at Havana Harbor.〔 In December 1918, ''Shawmut'' returned to the United States. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「USS Oglala (CM-4)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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